If the SAT and ACT were flawless tools that could accurately predict a student’s success at a university, then they would be nothing short of genius. If they were merely an optional component to help applicants stand out, they would be mediocre. The reality is the latter.
Many factors influence test-taking ability. While scoring well on a standardized test is valuable, other qualities are just as crucial for thriving in college. The ACT and SAT might highlight a strong applicant, but they cannot fully capture an applicant’s potential – or lack thereof.
Originally, the two tests were invented to create a universal standard for analyzing applicants. Since the creation of the SAT in the 1920s, there has been growing research that the test does the opposite. While a good test score could indicate success, the SAT was designed by white supremacists who wanted to uphold segregation in universities. In the 1950s, the ACT copied the SAT’s design of reading, writing and math, while adding a science section that involves reading comprehension more than science knowledge.
For this reason, Tulane is a pioneer in staying test-optional for the indefinite future. This policy gives applicants who did not get the greatest grades in high school the opportunity to earn a better chance at admission.
Accounting for the balance between test-taking and life experience is important and makes the college application process fairer. Reliance on the ACT and SAT puts incredible pressure on students. Likewise, having the tests as a safety net removes some of the stress of high school. If a student cannot be the ideal, highly involved candidate that colleges are looking for, they still have a good chance at a prestigious university if they put in the work to study for standardized tests.
The test-optional approach thus takes stress away from the entire college process. The policy allows applicants to be truer to themselves during high school by not worrying about the ACT or SAT as much.
The research shows on the other end as well. According to Tulane, the change to test-optional has most likely led to an increase in diversity among admitted applicants.
The trend does not stop at Tulane: Other schools across the country with test-optional policies, specifically selective private schools like Tulane, have had more diverse incoming classes since implementing the policy. Cornell University accepted 50% more first-generation college students the year after implementing the policy. Also, students admitted without test scores have been doing about as well as those who submitted their scores.
The change from requiring standardized test scores in college applications makes universities more accessible to students of all backgrounds, a sentiment that universities claim to value.
